Guinea pigs cannot synthesize their own vitamin C. A deficiency can lead to swollen joints, loss of appetite, a rough coat, and a weakened immune system. 

Vitamin C Deficiency: Symptoms and Supplementation
Vitamin C deficiency is common in guinea pigs, with symptoms including loss of appetite, painful and swollen joints, bleeding gums, and a rough coat. To prevent this, provide vitamin C-rich vegetables daily (such as bell peppers and kale) and specialized pellets. Stabilized vitamin C can also be added to their drinking water or food (follow a veterinarian’s instructions). 

Skin Diseases and Parasite Problems
Guinea pig skin problems are often caused by parasites (mites, fleas), fungi, or allergies. Symptoms include hair loss, itching, and skin scabs or ulcers. Use unscented paper bedding or aspen shavings and avoid aromatic wood shavings, which can irritate the skin. If there is extensive hair loss or persistent itching, a skin scraping and fecal analysis should be performed. 

Early Warning Signs and When to Seek Medical Attention
If the following symptoms appear, take your guinea pig to an exotic pet veterinarian in a timely manner to avoid delay: 

  • Loss of appetite or weight loss. 
  • Behavioral changes, such as hiding in a corner or unwillingness to move. 
  • Abnormal sounds or difficulty breathing. 
  • Red, swollen skin, hair loss, or persistent itching. 
  • Drooling around the mouth, or a misaligned bite. 

Clinic Process and Treatment Methods
During a clinic visit, the veterinarian will ask about the living environment, diet, and vitamin C supplementation. A physical examination will include weighing the pet, and checking the teeth, mouth, skin, and abdomen. Skin scraping, fecal analysis, blood tests, and imaging may be performed as needed. Treatment includes injectable or oral vitamin C, anti-parasitic medication, antifungal or antibiotics, pain relievers, and nutritional support. 

Nutrition and Environmental Management
Diet: The main diet should be high-fiber hay, supplemented with high-fiber pellets and vitamin C-rich vegetables. 
Water: Provide clean drinking water and change it daily. 
Environment: Maintain a room temperature of 18–24°C and avoid dampness. Use unscented paper bedding and clean regularly. 
Socialization and Exercise: Guinea pigs need companions or frequent interaction. Provide hideouts and chewing toys. 

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
1. How can I supplement my guinea pig with vitamin C?
You can choose vegetables containing vitamin C (such as bell peppers) and specialized pellets, and if necessary, add vitamin C to their water or food. 
2. What causes my guinea pig to constantly itch and lose hair?
It could be mites, fungi, or allergies, which require a skin examination and treatment. 
3. Can I use dog/cat flea prevention drops?
Do not use deworming medication meant for dogs and cats. A veterinarian should prescribe medication suitable for small mammals. 
4. Do guinea pigs need to be bathed?
They generally do not need to be bathed with water. If cleaning is necessary, use a damp cloth for local wiping. 
5. How often should I take my guinea pig for a check-up?
A comprehensive check-up is recommended every 6–12 months to detect problems early. 

Cityvet Guinea Pig Clinic

Cityvet is committed to providing outstanding comprehensive veterinary medical services, upholding the core values of “professionalism, care, and trust.” We aim to offer reasonably priced services, utilize advanced equipment, and provide detailed explanations of various treatment methods to owners, ensuring comprehensive medical care for every pet. To book a guinea pig clinic appointment, please call the Tsuen Wan clinic at 2623 5500 or the Yuen Long clinic at 2477 9990. Our addresses are: G/F, 186 Sha Tsui Road, Tsuen Wan, and Shop 2, G/F, Fuk Shun Building, 25 Ping Wai Street, Yuen Long.  

Disclaimer: This article provides general information only and is not a substitute for professional medical diagnosis. If you have any concerns, please schedule a veterinary appointment as soon as possible.